<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">digitallaw</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Journal of Digital Technologies and Law</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Journal of Digital Technologies and Law</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2949-2483</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Kazan Innovative University named after V. G. Timiryasov</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21202/jdtl.2025.1</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">eaqyqj</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">digitallaw-507</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ARTICLES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Digital Transformation of Civil Registration  System in Cameroon: Innovations in e-Governance</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Цифровая трансформация системы регистрации актов гражданского состояния Камеруна: инновации в электронном управлении</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6435-0494</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ндиюн</surname><given-names>Р. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ndiyun</surname><given-names>R. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ндиюн Роберт Кошо – PhD в области политологии, пост-док, кафедра по связям с общественностью</p><p>0183, г. Претория, ул. Штаатсартиллери, парк Филипа Нела</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Robert Kosho Ndiyun – PhD (Political Studies), Post-Doctoral Research Fellow Department of Public Affairs</p><p>Staatsartillerie Rd, Philip Nel Park, 0183 Pretoria</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8121-1501</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Муконза</surname><given-names>Р. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mukonza</surname><given-names>R. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Муконза Рикки Муньярадзи – доктор технологии в области государственного управления, доцент в области государственного управления, кафедра по связям с общественностью</p><p>0183, г. Претория, ул. Штаатсартиллери, парк Филипа Нела</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ricky Munyaradzi Mukonza – DTech (Public Management), Associate Professor of Public Management, Department of Public Affairs</p><p>Staatsartillerie Rd, Philip Nel Park, 0183 Pretoria</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">MukonzaRM@tut.ac.za</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Технологический университет Тшване</institution><country>Южно-Африканская Республика</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Tshwane University of Technology</institution><country>South Africa</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>27</day><month>03</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>3</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>7</fpage><lpage>34</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ndiyun R.K., Mukonza R.M., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ндиюн Р.К., Муконза Р.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ndiyun R.K., Mukonza R.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.lawjournal.digital/jour/article/view/507">https://www.lawjournal.digital/jour/article/view/507</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective: to study the innovative transformations in the field of e-Governance introduced into Cameroon’s civil registration system during the 2024 legislative reforms. The focus is on assessing the impact of these transformations on improving governance efficiency, transparency, accessibility of services for citizens, as well as improving statistical accounting of vital events.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Methods: the work uses general scientific methods of analysis and synthesis, classification, systematic and functional approaches, as well as formal legal and comparative legal methods. </p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results: the research shows that measures like introduction of electronic declaration of civil status acts, creation of a national database and transition to electronic certificates can dramatically improve the efficiency and accessibility of services for the population. However, the authors emphasize that the successful implementation of digital innovations requires overcoming significant barriers, such as insufficient technological equipment, limited Internet access, and low digital literacy of citizens. These challenges make it necessary to develop additional regulatory and support mechanisms. Particularly important is the balance between digitalization and ensuring the rights of citizens in the context of electronic registration.</p></sec><sec><title>Scientific novelty</title><p>Scientific novelty: the work provides unique empirical data on digitalization of public services in Cameroon. This is especially important for the countries of the global South, where such transformations are slow and fragmentary. The study makes a significant contribution to the scientific debate by expanding understanding of digital technology adoption models through the lens of expected usefulness and perceived ease of use in developing countries.</p></sec><sec><title>Practical significance</title><p>Practical significance: recommendations for legislators, government officials and other stakeholders were developed. The authors emphasize the need to adopt a regulatory framework as soon as possible, introduce educational programs for employees and citizens, and ensure access to digital technologies. These measures aim at creating a sustainable infrastructure for an effective transition to electronic systems and improving the quality of public services. The work contributes to the study of public governance digitalization, offering both theoretical concepts and practical solutions that can be adapted for other countries with similar challenges.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель: исследование инновационных преобразований в сфере электронного управления, внедренных в систему регистрации актов гражданского состояния Камеруна в результате законодательных реформ 2024 года. Основное внимание уделяется оценке влияния этих преобразований на повышение эффективности управления, прозрачности, доступности услуг для граждан, а также на совершенствование статистического учета жизненно важных событий.</p></sec><sec><title>Методы</title><p>Методы: в работе использованы общенаучные методы анализа и синтеза, классификации, системный и функциональный подходы, а также формально-юридический и сравнительно-правовой методы.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты: внедрение электронного декларирования актов гражданского состояния, создание Национальной базы данных и переход на электронные свидетельства способны существенно повысить эффективность и доступность услуг для населения. Однако авторы подчеркивают, что успешная реализация цифровых инноваций требует преодоления значительных барьеров, таких как недостаточная технологическая оснащенность, ограниченный доступ к Интернету и низкий уровень цифровой грамотности среди граждан. Эти вызовы делают необходимой разработку дополнительных механизмов регулирования и поддержки. Особое значение придается балансу между цифровизацией и обеспечением прав граждан в контексте электронной регистрации.</p></sec><sec><title>Научная новизна</title><p>Научная новизна: заключается в предоставлении уникальных эмпирических данных о процессе цифровизации государственных услуг в Камеруне, что особенно актуально для стран глобального Юга, где подобные преобразования происходят медленно и фрагментарно. Исследование вносит значительный вклад в научную дискуссию, расширяя понимание моделей внедрения цифровых технологий через призму ожидаемой полезности и воспринимаемой простоты использования в условиях развивающихся стран.</p></sec><sec><title>Практическая значимость</title><p>Практическая значимость: состоит в разработке конкретных рекомендаций для законодателей, государственных служащих и других заинтересованных сторон. Авторы подчеркивают необходимость скорейшего принятия нормативной правовой базы, внедрения образовательных программ для сотрудников и граждан, а также обеспечения доступа к цифровым технологиям. Эти меры направлены на создание устойчивой инфраструктуры для эффективного перехода к электронным системам и повышение качества государственных услуг. Работа представляет собой важный вклад в изучение процессов цифровизации государственного управления, предлагая как теоретические выкладки, так и практические решения, которые могут быть адаптированы для других стран с аналогичными вызовами.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>акт гражданского состояния</kwd><kwd>государственная услуга</kwd><kwd>законодательство</kwd><kwd>защита данных</kwd><kwd>Камерун</kwd><kwd>право</kwd><kwd>цифровая грамотность</kwd><kwd>цифровые технологии</kwd><kwd>электронное правительство</kwd><kwd>электронное управление</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Cameroon</kwd><kwd>civil status act</kwd><kwd>data protection</kwd><kwd>digital literacy</kwd><kwd>digital technologies</kwd><kwd>e-governance</kwd><kwd>e-government</kwd><kwd>law</kwd><kwd>legislation</kwd><kwd>public service</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Albert, I. O. (2009). Whose E-Governance?: A Critique of Online Citizen Engagement In Africa. International Journal of eBusiness and eGovernment Studies, 1(1), 27–40.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Albert, I. O. (2009). Whose E-Governance?: A Critique of Online Citizen Engagement In Africa. International Journal of eBusiness and eGovernment Studies, 1(1), 27–40.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Al-Gahtani, S. S. (2016). Empirical investigation of e-learning acceptance and assimilation: A structural equation model. Applied Computing and Informatics, 12(1), 27–50.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Al-Gahtani, S. S. (2016). Empirical investigation of e-learning acceptance and assimilation: A structural equation model. Applied Computing and Informatics, 12(1), 27–50.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Araújo, T., &amp; Casais, B. (2020). Customer acceptance of shopping-assistant chatbots. In Marketing and Smart Technologies: Proceedings of ICMarkTech 2019 (pp. 278–287). Singapore: Springer.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Araújo, T., &amp; Casais, B. (2020). Customer acceptance of shopping-assistant chatbots. In Marketing and Smart Technologies: Proceedings of ICMarkTech 2019 (pp. 278–287). Singapore: Springer.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bannister, F., &amp; Connolly, R. (2012). Defining e-Governance. e-Service Journal, 8(2), 3–25. https://doi.org/10.2979/eservicej.8.2.3</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bannister, F., &amp; Connolly, R. (2012). Defining e-Governance. e-Service Journal, 8(2), 3–25. https://doi.org/10.2979/eservicej.8.2.3</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Clarke, V., &amp; Braun, V. (2017). Thematic analysis. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 12(3), 297–298. https://doi.org/10.1080/17439760.2016.1262613</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Clarke, V., &amp; Braun, V. (2017). Thematic analysis. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 12(3), 297–298. https://doi.org/10.1080/17439760.2016.1262613</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Coe, A., Paquet, G., &amp; Roy, J. (2001). E-governance and smart communities: a social learning challenge. Social Science Computer Review, 19(1), 80–93.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Coe, A., Paquet, G., &amp; Roy, J. (2001). E-governance and smart communities: a social learning challenge. Social Science Computer Review, 19(1), 80–93.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Creswell, J. W., &amp; Poth, C. N. (2016). Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five approaches. Sage publications.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Creswell, J. W., &amp; Poth, C. N. (2016). Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five approaches. Sage publications.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Davis, F. D., Bagozzi, R. P., &amp; Warshaw, P. R. (1989). Technology acceptance model. Journal of Management Science, 35(8), 982–1003.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Davis, F. D., Bagozzi, R. P., &amp; Warshaw, P. R. (1989). Technology acceptance model. Journal of Management Science, 35(8), 982–1003.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Djossa-Tchokoté, I., Teutio, A. O. N., &amp; Nyongo, A. S. A. (2024). E-Governance, Digitized Tax Procedures and SME’s Business Process Performance in Cameroon. iBusiness, 16(3), 65–84. https://doi.org/10.4236/ib.2024.163006</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Djossa-Tchokoté, I., Teutio, A. O. N., &amp; Nyongo, A. S. A. (2024). E-Governance, Digitized Tax Procedures and SME’s Business Process Performance in Cameroon. iBusiness, 16(3), 65–84. https://doi.org/10.4236/ib.2024.163006</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fang, Z. (2002). E-government in digital era: concept, practice, and development. International Journal of the Computer, the Internet and Management, 10(2), 1–22.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fang, Z. (2002). E-government in digital era: concept, practice, and development. International Journal of the Computer, the Internet and Management, 10(2), 1–22.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Foster, K. (2020). Smarten Up: Paths to bottom-up smart cities and the risks of top-down smart governance. Smart Cities Paper Series: Smart Governance in South African Cities.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Foster, K. (2020). Smarten Up: Paths to bottom-up smart cities and the risks of top-down smart governance. Smart Cities Paper Series: Smart Governance in South African Cities.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Grigalashvili, V. (2022). E-government and E-governance: Various or Multifarious Concepts. International Journal of Scientific and Management Research. 5(01).183–196. https://doi.org/10.37502/ijsmr.2022.5111</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Grigalashvili, V. (2022). E-government and E-governance: Various or Multifarious Concepts. International Journal of Scientific and Management Research. 5(01).183–196. https://doi.org/10.37502/ijsmr.2022.5111</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Halachmi, A. (2004). E-government theory and practice: The evidence from Tennessee (USA). In M. Holzer, M. Zhang, &amp; K. Dong (Eds.), Frontiers of Public Administration: Proceedings of the Second Sino-U.S. International Conference: Public Administration in the Changing World (pp. 24–43). United Nations Public Administration Network.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Halachmi, A. (2004). E-government theory and practice: The evidence from Tennessee (USA). In M. Holzer, M. Zhang, &amp; K. Dong (Eds.), Frontiers of Public Administration: Proceedings of the Second Sino-U.S. International Conference: Public Administration in the Changing World (pp. 24–43). United Nations Public Administration Network.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Heeks, R. (2003). E-Government in Africa: Promise and practice. Information Polity, 7(23), 97–114. https://doi.org/10.3233/ip-2002-0008</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Heeks, R. (2003). E-Government in Africa: Promise and practice. Information Polity, 7(23), 97–114. https://doi.org/10.3233/ip-2002-0008</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Heeks, R. (2006). Implementation and managing e-Governance. London: Sage publications Ltd.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Heeks, R. (2006). Implementation and managing e-Governance. London: Sage publications Ltd.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kaisara, G., &amp; Pather, S. (2011). The e-Government evaluation challenge: A South African Batho Pele-aligned service quality approach. Government Information Quarterly, 28(2), 211–221. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.giq.2010.07.008</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kaisara, G., &amp; Pather, S. (2011). The e-Government evaluation challenge: A South African Batho Pele-aligned service quality approach. Government Information Quarterly, 28(2), 211–221. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.giq.2010.07.008</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kattel, R., &amp; Mergel, I. (2019). Estonia’s digital transformation: Mission mystique and the hiding hand. In M. E. Compton, &amp; P. Hart (Eds.), Great Policy Successes (pp. 143–160). Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198843719.003.0008</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kattel, R., &amp; Mergel, I. (2019). Estonia’s digital transformation: Mission mystique and the hiding hand. In M. E. Compton, &amp; P. Hart (Eds.), Great Policy Successes (pp. 143–160). Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198843719.003.0008</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lubis, S., Purnomo, E. P., Lado, J. A., &amp; Hung, C. F. (2024). Electronic governance in advancing sustainable development goals through systematic literature review. Discover Global Society, 2(1) 77. https://doi.org/10.1007/s44282-024-00102-3</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lubis, S., Purnomo, E. P., Lado, J. A., &amp; Hung, C. F. (2024). Electronic governance in advancing sustainable development goals through systematic literature review. Discover Global Society, 2(1) 77. https://doi.org/10.1007/s44282-024-00102-3</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Makwanya, M. (2022). Digital practice for social work in Zimbabwe: Success, challenges and opportunities. In A. L. Peláez, S. Suh, &amp; S. Zelenev (Eds.), Digital Transformation and Social Well-Being (pp. 160–168). Routledge.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Makwanya, M. (2022). Digital practice for social work in Zimbabwe: Success, challenges and opportunities. In A. L. Peláez, S. Suh, &amp; S. Zelenev (Eds.), Digital Transformation and Social Well-Being (pp. 160–168). Routledge.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Munyoka, W. (2020). Electronic government adoption in voluntary environments–a case study of Zimbabwe. Information Development, 36(3), 414–437. https://doi.org/10.1177/0266666919864713</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Munyoka, W. (2020). Electronic government adoption in voluntary environments–a case study of Zimbabwe. Information Development, 36(3), 414–437. https://doi.org/10.1177/0266666919864713</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Muttoo, S. K., Gupta, R., Pal, S. K., &amp; Muttoo, S. K. (2019). E-Governance in India (pp. 13–25). Singapore: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-8852-1</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Muttoo, S. K., Gupta, R., Pal, S. K., &amp; Muttoo, S. K. (2019). E-Governance in India (pp. 13–25). Singapore: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-8852-1</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Naqvi, S. A. M., Alyas, T., Tabassum, N., Namoun, A., &amp; Naqvi, H. H. (2021). Post Pandemic World and Challenges for E-Governance Framework. International Journal of Advanced Trends in Computer Science and Engineering, 10(3), 2630–2636. https://doi.org/10.30534/ijatcse/2021/1571032021</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Naqvi, S. A. M., Alyas, T., Tabassum, N., Namoun, A., &amp; Naqvi, H. H. (2021). Post Pandemic World and Challenges for E-Governance Framework. International Journal of Advanced Trends in Computer Science and Engineering, 10(3), 2630–2636. https://doi.org/10.30534/ijatcse/2021/1571032021</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Oliveira, T. A., Oliver, M., &amp; Ramalhinho, H. (2020). Challenges for Connecting Citizens and Smart Cities: ICT, e-Governance and Blockchain. Sustainability, 12(7), 2926. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12072926</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Oliveira, T. A., Oliver, M., &amp; Ramalhinho, H. (2020). Challenges for Connecting Citizens and Smart Cities: ICT, e-Governance and Blockchain. Sustainability, 12(7), 2926. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12072926</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Palvia, S. C. J., &amp; Sharma, S. S. (2007). E-government and e-governance: definitions/domain framework and status around the world. In International Conference on E-governance (Vol. 5, No. 1, pp. 1–12).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Palvia, S. C. J., &amp; Sharma, S. S. (2007). E-government and e-governance: definitions/domain framework and status around the world. In International Conference on E-governance (Vol. 5, No. 1, pp. 1–12).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Prashar, K., &amp; Bawa, S. S. (2023). Studying the Effect of Artificial Intelligence on E-Governance. In P. Tyagi, S. Grima, K. Sood, B. Balamurugan, E. Özen, &amp; T. Eleftherios (Eds.), Smart Analytics, Artificial Intelligence and Sustainable Performance Management in a Global Digitalised Economy (Contemporary Studies in Economic and Financial Analysis, Vol. 110A) (pp. 87–101). Emerald Publishing Limited, Leeds. https://doi.org/10.1108/S1569-37592023000110A005</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Prashar, K., &amp; Bawa, S. S. (2023). Studying the Effect of Artificial Intelligence on E-Governance. In P. Tyagi, S. Grima, K. Sood, B. Balamurugan, E. Özen, &amp; T. Eleftherios (Eds.), Smart Analytics, Artificial Intelligence and Sustainable Performance Management in a Global Digitalised Economy (Contemporary Studies in Economic and Financial Analysis, Vol. 110A) (pp. 87–101). Emerald Publishing Limited, Leeds. https://doi.org/10.1108/S1569-37592023000110A005</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Reiling, D., &amp; Contini, F. (2022). E-Justice Platforms: Challenges for Judicial Governance. International Journal for Court Administration, 13(1), 6. https://doi.org/10.36745/ijca.445</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Reiling, D., &amp; Contini, F. (2022). E-Justice Platforms: Challenges for Judicial Governance. International Journal for Court Administration, 13(1), 6. https://doi.org/10.36745/ijca.445</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Schuppan, T. (2009). E-Government in developing countries: Experiences from sub-Saharan Africa. Government Information Quarterly, 26(1), 118–127. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.giq.2008.01.006</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Schuppan, T. (2009). E-Government in developing countries: Experiences from sub-Saharan Africa. Government Information Quarterly, 26(1), 118–127. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.giq.2008.01.006</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sevidzem, M. C. (2024). Use of ICT and the Application of E-Governance Strategies in Service Delivery by Local Councils in Cameroon: The Case of Local Councils in the Bamenda Municipality. PanAfrican Journal of Governance and Development (PJGD), 5(1), 3–27. https://doi.org/10.46404/panjogov.v5i1.5354</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sevidzem, M. C. (2024). Use of ICT and the Application of E-Governance Strategies in Service Delivery by Local Councils in Cameroon: The Case of Local Councils in the Bamenda Municipality. PanAfrican Journal of Governance and Development (PJGD), 5(1), 3–27. https://doi.org/10.46404/panjogov.v5i1.5354</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sharma, S., Kumar Kar, A., &amp; Gupta, M. P. (2021). Unpacking Digital Accountability: Ensuring efficient and answerable e-governance service delivery. In Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Theory and Practice of Electronic Governance (pp. 260–269). https://doi.org/10.1145/3494193.3494229</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sharma, S., Kumar Kar, A., &amp; Gupta, M. P. (2021). Unpacking Digital Accountability: Ensuring efficient and answerable e-governance service delivery. In Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Theory and Practice of Electronic Governance (pp. 260–269). https://doi.org/10.1145/3494193.3494229</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Suri, P. K., &amp; Sushil. (Eds.) (2017). Strategic Planning and Implementation of E-Governance, Springer.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Suri, P. K., &amp; Sushil. (Eds.) (2017). Strategic Planning and Implementation of E-Governance, Springer.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Suthar, A. B., Khalifa, A., Yin, S., Wenz, K., Ma Fat, D., Mills, S. L., ... &amp; Mrkic, S. (2019). Evaluation of approaches to strengthen civil registration and vital statistics systems: a systematic review and synthesis of policies in 25 countries. PLoS Medicine, 16(9), e1002929. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1002929</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Suthar, A. B., Khalifa, A., Yin, S., Wenz, K., Ma Fat, D., Mills, S. L., ... &amp; Mrkic, S. (2019). Evaluation of approaches to strengthen civil registration and vital statistics systems: a systematic review and synthesis of policies in 25 countries. PLoS Medicine, 16(9), e1002929. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1002929</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit32"><label>32</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tammpuu, P., &amp; Masso, A. (2018). ‘Welcome to the virtual state’: Estonian e-residency and the digitalised state as a commodity. European Journal of Cultural Studies, 21(5), 543–560. https://doi.org/10.1177/1367549417751148</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tammpuu, P., &amp; Masso, A. (2018). ‘Welcome to the virtual state’: Estonian e-residency and the digitalised state as a commodity. European Journal of Cultural Studies, 21(5), 543–560. https://doi.org/10.1177/1367549417751148</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit33"><label>33</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Umbach, G., &amp; Tkalec, I. (2022). Evaluating e-governance through e-government: Practices and challenges of assessing the digitalisation of public governmental services. Evaluation and program planning, 93, 102–118. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.evalprogplan.2022.102118</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Umbach, G., &amp; Tkalec, I. (2022). Evaluating e-governance through e-government: Practices and challenges of assessing the digitalisation of public governmental services. Evaluation and program planning, 93, 102–118. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.evalprogplan.2022.102118</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit34"><label>34</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Xin, G., Esembe, E. E., &amp; Chen, J. (2023). The mixed effects of e‐participation on the dynamic of trust in government: Evidence from Cameroon. Australian Journal of Public Administration, 82(1), 69–95. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8500.12569</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Xin, G., Esembe, E. E., &amp; Chen, J. (2023). The mixed effects of e‐participation on the dynamic of trust in government: Evidence from Cameroon. Australian Journal of Public Administration, 82(1), 69–95. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8500.12569</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
