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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">digitallaw</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Journal of Digital Technologies and Law</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Journal of Digital Technologies and Law</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2949-2483</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Kazan Innovative University named after V. G. Timiryasov</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21202/jdtl.2024.43</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">SHDUEF</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">digitallaw-486</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ARTICLES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>The Evolving Role of Copyright Law in the Age of AI-Generated Works</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Эволюция роли авторского права в эпоху произведений, созданных искусственным интеллектом</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0578-6052</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хатсон</surname><given-names>Дж.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Hutson</surname><given-names>J.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Джеймс Хатсон – PhD, ведущий специалист в области дополненной реальности; профессор, заведующий кафедрой истории искусств, искусственного интеллекта и визуальной культуры; факультет искусств и гуманитарных дисциплин </p><p>MO 63301, США, г. Сент Чарльз, ул. С. Кингзхайвей, 209</p><p>Scopus Author ID: https://www.scopus.com/authid/detail.uri?authorId=57797793000</p><p>WoS Researcher ID: https://www.webofscience.com/wos/author/record/38589773</p><p>Google Scholar ID: https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=CaXrV38AAAAJ</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>James Hutson – Ph.D., Lead XR Disruptor; Professor and Department Head of Art History, AI, and Visual Culture, College of Arts and Humanities </p><p>209 S. Kingshighway St, MO 63301, Saint Charles</p><p>Scopus Author ID: https://www.scopus.com/authid/detail.uri?authorId=57797793000</p><p>WoS Researcher ID: https://www.webofscience.com/wos/author/record/38589773</p><p>Google Scholar ID: https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=CaXrV38AAAAJ</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">jhutson@lindenwood.edu</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Линденвудский университет</institution><country>Соединённые Штаты Америки</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Lindenwood University</institution><country>United States</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>2</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>886</fpage><lpage>914</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Hutson J., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Хатсон Д.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Hutson J.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.lawjournal.digital/jour/article/view/486">https://www.lawjournal.digital/jour/article/view/486</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective: to identify the prospects and directions of copyright law development associated with the increasing use of generative artificial intelligence.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Methods: the study is based on the formal-legal, comparative, historical methods, doctrinal analysis, legal forecasting and modeling.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results: the article states that the emergence of generative artificial intelligence makes one rethink the processes occurring in the field of creative activity and the traditional copyright system, which becomes inadequate to modern realities. The author substantiates the necessity of legal reassessment of copyright and emphasizes the urgent need for updated means of copyright protection. Unlike previous digital tools, which expanded human creativity by improving original works, generative artificial intelligence creates content through complex algorithmic processes, blurring the boundaries of authorship and originality. The research shows limitations of existing intellectual property law, as courts deny copyright in works created by artificial intelligence and insist on the need for “human authorship”. Such decisions emphasize the contradiction between existing laws and the reality of co-creation involving artificial intelligence. It is argued that taking into account the creative potential of generative artificial intelligence will facilitate the evolution of copyright law towards hybrid approaches, with artificial intelligence as an integral, albeit secondary, tool. It seems promising to create flexible intellectual property standards that give artists the opportunity to restrict or authorize the use of their works as training data for artificial intelligence, as well as ensure that authors retain control over their works included in datasets for training artificial intelligence, in case copyright metadata is integrated into digital works, etc.</p></sec><sec><title>Scientific novelty</title><p>Scientific novelty: based on the analysis of the latest judicial precedents, modern international regulations and evolving institutional practices, the author proposes a balanced adaptive approach to copyright reform to ensure the ethical integration of generative artificial intelligence into the creative ecosystem and to develop flexible copyright protection measures that correspond to the rapid technological progress.</p></sec><sec><title>Practical significance</title><p>Practical significance: the proposed combined approach will allow generative AI tools to become part of the human creative process in the same way that previous generations used digital tools. At the same time, it will contribute to the creation of an environment where the autonomy of authors is respected. This will not only protect the creators of creative content, but also broaden the understanding of creativity as a collaboration with generative artificial intelligence, where artificial intelligence is positioned as a force that complements but not replaces humans in creativity.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель: выявить перспективы и направления развития авторского права, сопряженного с расширяющимся использованием генеративного искусственного интеллекта.</p></sec><sec><title>Методы</title><p>Методы: исследование базируется на применении формально-юридического, компаративного, исторического методов, доктринального анализа, юридического прогнозирования и моделирования.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты: в статье отмечено, что появление генеративного искусственного интеллекта заставляет переосмыслить процессы, происходящие в области творческой деятельности, и традиционную систему авторского права, которая становится неадекватной современным реалиям. Обосновывается необходимость юридической переоценки авторского права. Подчеркивается острая необходимость в обновленных средствах защиты авторских прав. В отличие от прежних цифровых инструментов, которые расширяли творческие возможности человека посредством улучшения его авторских произведений, генеративный искусственный интеллект создает контент с помощью сложных алгоритмических процессов, размывая границы авторства и оригинальности. Показана ограниченность существующего законодательства об интеллектуальной собственности, поскольку суды отказывают в авторских правах на произведения, созданные искусственным интеллектом, и настаивают на необходимости «авторства человека». Такие решения подчеркивают противоречие между существующими законами и реальностью совместного творчества с участием искусственного интеллекта. Утверждается, что учет творческого потенциала генеративного искусственного интеллекта будет способствовать эволюционированию авторского права в сторону комбинированных подходов, когда искусственный интеллект выступает в качестве неотъемлемого, хотя и второстепенного, инструмента. Перспективным видится создание гибких стандартов интеллектуальной собственности, которые предоставляют творческим работникам возможность ограничить или разрешить использование своих работ в качестве обучающих данных для искусственного интеллекта, а также обеспечивают авторам сохранение контроля над своими работами, включенными в базы данных для обучения искусственного интеллекта, в случае если метаданные о наличии авторских прав интегрированы в цифровые произведения, и др.</p></sec><sec><title> Научная новизна</title><p> Научная новизна: на основе анализа новейших судебных прецедентов, современного опыта международного регулирования и развивающейся институциональной практики предлагается сбалансированный адаптивный подход к реформированию авторского права, обеспечивающий этическую интеграцию генеративного искусственного интеллекта в творческую экосистему и направленный на выработку гибких мер защиты авторского права, соответствующих быстрому прогрессу технологий.</p></sec><sec><title>Практическая значимость</title><p>Практическая значимость: предложенный комбинированный подход позволит инструментам генеративного искусственного интеллекта стать частью творческого процесса человека подобно тому, как предыдущие поколения использовали цифровые инструменты. Одновременно это будет способствовать созданию среды, где соблюдается автономия авторов. Таким образом будет не только обеспечена защита создателей творческого контента, но и расширено понимание творчества как процесса, совместного с генеративным искусственным интеллектом, где искусственный интеллект позиционируется как сила, дополняющая человека в творческом процессе, а не заменяющая его.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>авторское право</kwd><kwd>генеративный искусственный интеллект</kwd><kwd>защита авторских прав</kwd><kwd>искусственный интеллект</kwd><kwd>право</kwd><kwd>право интеллектуальной собственности</kwd><kwd>произведение</kwd><kwd>промпт-инжиниринг</kwd><kwd>технологии машинного обучения</kwd><kwd>цифровые технологии</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>artificial intelligence</kwd><kwd>copyright</kwd><kwd>copyright protection</kwd><kwd>digital technologies</kwd><kwd>generative artificial intelligence</kwd><kwd>intellectual property right</kwd><kwd>law</kwd><kwd>machine learning technologies</kwd><kwd>prompt engineering</kwd><kwd>work of art</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Aaland, M. 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