digitallawJournal of Digital Technologies and LawJournal of Digital Technologies and Law2949-2483Kazan Innovative University named after V. G. Timiryasov10.21202/jdtl.2024.38ATQZBAdigitallaw-481Research ArticleARTICLESСТАТЬИIntelligent Robots, Cyborgs, Genetically Enhanced Individuals, Chimeras: the Future and the Challenges of LawИнтеллектуальные роботы, киборги, генетически усовершенствованные индивиды, химеры: будущее и задачи праваhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1773-5268ФилиповаИ. А.FilipovaI. A.

Филипова Ирина Анатольевна – кандидат юридических наук, доцент, доцент кафедры трудового и экологического права; руководитель Центрально-Азиатского исследовательского центра регулирования искусственного интеллекта

603922, Россия, г. Нижний Новгород, проспект Гагарина, 23; 140104, Узбекистан, г. Самарканд, Университетский бульвар, 15

Scopus Author ID: https://www.scopus.com/authid/detail.uri?authorId=57327205000

WoS Researcher ID: https://www.webofscience.com/wos/author/record/R-1375-2016

Google Scholar ID: https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=opJc7fcAAAAJ

РИНЦ Author ID: https://elibrary.ru/author_profile.asp?authorid=461586

Irina A. Filipova – Cand. Sci. (Law), Associate Professor, Department of Labor and Environmental Law, National Research Lobachevsky State University of NizhniNovgorod; Head of the Central Asia Research Center for artificial intelligence regulation, Samarkand State University named after Sharof Rashidov

23 prospekt Gagarina, 603922 Nizhniy Novgorod; 15 Universitetskiy bulvar, 140104 Samarkand

Scopus Author ID: https://www.scopus.com/authid/detail.uri?authorId=57327205000

WoS Researcher ID: https://www.webofscience.com/wos/author/record/R-1375-2016

Google Scholar ID: https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=opJc7fcAAAAJ

RSCI Author ID: https://elibrary.ru/author_profile.asp?authorid=461586

irinafilipova@yandex.ruНациональный исследовательский Нижегородский государственный университет имени Н. И. Лобачевского; Самаркандский государственный университет имени Шарофа РашидоваРоссияNational Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhni Novgorod; Samarkand State University named after Sharof RashidovRussian Federation20242712202424741781Copyright © Filipova I.A., 20242024Филипова И.А.Filipova I.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.lawjournal.digital/jour/article/view/481Objective

Objective: to identify theoretical and legal problems associated with the steadily increasing spread of digital and biotechnologies’ development products; to assess the risks associated with this process that can change the position of a human in the society of the future; to develop and substantiate proposals to minimize risks and eliminate the identified problems through legal regulation.

Methods

Methods: the research is based on the methods of generalization of scientific and technical information and theoretical analysis used while studying the source materials; axiological and systematic approaches; the formal legal method and, in addition, methods of legal forecasting, primarily extrapolation, which made it possible to highlight the prospects for reforming law due to technological expansion.

Results

Results: include a description of the dynamics of digital and bio-technologies’ development; a description of the changing social landscape with the emerging new types of entities that can affect the actual status of a human; a classification of risks threatening people due to the digital and biotechnologies development; a list of tasks whose solution based on law will help to eliminate, postpone or, at least, significantly reduce the severity of problems by increasing the time limit allotted to humanity to comprehend a number of conceptual points. The author presents arguments substantiating the need to develop special legal regulation in relation to new types of entities, the appearance of which becomes an inevitable result of the mentioned technologies’ development.

Scientific novelty

Scientific novelty: consists, first, in a comprehensive study of the development of interconnected groups of digital and biotechnologies, taking into account their increasing convergence; and, second, in the formulation of legal problems that need to be resolved due to the potential emergence of new types of entities with cognitive functions and capable of having a targeted intellectual impact on the environment and legal entities.

Practical significance

Practical significance: it is present in the answers given to the formulated legal questions, which contain suggestions and recommendations on the necessary adjustment of legal regulation and focus the attention of legal scholars on the problems arising from the pace and vectors of scienceconsuming technologies’ development.

Цель

Цель: выявить теоретико-правовые проблемы, связанные с неуклонно расширяющимся распространением на практике продуктов развития цифровых и биотехнологий, оценить сопутствующие этому процессу риски, способные изменить положение человека в обществе будущего, а также выработать и аргументировать предложения по минимизации рисков и устранению выявленных проблем с помощью правового регулирования.

Методы

Методы: в основе исследования лежат методы обобщения научно-технической информации и теоретического анализа, применявшиеся в процессе изучения исходных материалов, аксиологический и системный подходы, формально-юридический метод и, кроме того, методы правового прогнозирования, в первую очередь экстраполяции, позволившие осветить перспективы реформирования права вследствие технологической экспансии.

Результаты

Результаты: включают описание динамики развития цифровых и биотехнологий; характеристику меняющегося социального ландшафта с возникновением новых типов сущностей, способных повлиять на фактический статус человека; классификацию рисков, угрожающих людям из-за совершенствования цифровых и биотехнологий; перечень задач, решение которых на основе права поможет устранить, отодвинуть или, по крайней мере, значительно снизить остроту проблем, увеличивая лимит времени, отведенный человечеству на осмысление ряда концептуальных моментов. Представлены доводы, обосновывающие необходимость разработки специального правового регулирования в отношении новых типов сущностей, появление которых становится неизбежным результатом развития упоминаемых технологий.

Научная новизна

Научная новизна: состоит, во-первых, в комплексном изучении развития взаимосвязанных групп цифровых и биотехнологий с учетом их усиливающейся конвергенции, во-вторых, в формулировании юридических вопросов, которые требуют урегулирования из-за потенциального появления новых типов сущностей, располагающих когнитивными функциями и способных оказывать интеллектуально направленное воздействие на окружающую среду и субъектов права.

Практическая значимость

Практическая значимость: присутствует в ответах, данных на сформулированные юридические вопросы, они содержат предложения и рекомендации по необходимой корректировке правового регулирования и акцентируют внимание правоведов на проблемах, вытекающих из темпов и векторов развития наукоемких технологий.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.