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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">digitallaw</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Journal of Digital Technologies and Law</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Journal of Digital Technologies and Law</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2949-2483</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Kazan Innovative University named after V. G. Timiryasov</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21202/jdtl.2024.20</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">gbfhor</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">digitallaw-430</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ARTICLES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Social and Legal Risks of Sharenting when Forming a Child’s Digital Identity in Social Networks</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Социально-правовые риски шерентинга в процессе формирования цифровой идентичности ребенка в социальных сетях</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5768-2773</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Аранда Серна</surname><given-names>Ф. Х.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Aranda Serna</surname><given-names>F. J.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Аранда Серна Франциско Хосэ – PhD в области юриспруденции, доцент, факультет права.</p><p>30107, Мурсия, Гваделупа-де-Макиаскок, авеню де лос Херонимос, 135</p><p>ScopusAuthorID: https://www.scopus.com/authid/detail.uri?authorId=58097085200</p><p>Google Scholar ID: https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=zrndQAwAAAAJ</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Francisco José Aranda Serna – PhD (Law), Associate Professor, Department of Law.</p><p>Av. de los Jerónimos, 135, 30107 Guadalupe de Maciascoque, Murcia</p><p>ScopusAuthorID: https://www.scopus.com/authid/detail.uri?authorId=58097085200</p><p>Google Scholar ID: https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=zrndQAwAAAAJ</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">fjaranda@ucam.edu</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Католический университет Мурсии</institution><country>Испания</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Catholic University of Murcia</institution><country>Spain</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>07</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>2</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>394</fpage><lpage>407</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Aranda Serna F.J., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Аранда Серна Ф.Х.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Aranda Serna F.J.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.lawjournal.digital/jour/article/view/430">https://www.lawjournal.digital/jour/article/view/430</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective: to determine the legal consequences of sharenting as an activity that threatens the fundamental rights of minors, putting their privacy at risk.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Methods: the study is based primarily on the analysis of European and American experience of legislative regulation, which is presented in a comparative-legal aspect, using doctrinal approaches and concepts reflected in scientific publications on the topic. This contributed, among other things, to the critical understanding of the identified risks and helped to describe the existing legal approaches and formulate proposals aimed at protecting the minors’ privacy in social networks.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results: the impact of social networks on the rights of minors was studied, in terms of their negative influence, possible risks and the spread of social conflicts. The main provisions of the legislation of Spain, France and the USA were analyzed in order to identify the key points regarding the activities of minors in social networks and the Internet, the need for them to express their consent to the publication of personal information. The most common conflicts caused by sharenting were described, as well as possible flexible legislative solutions to disputes concerning family relations and social networking activities. Suggestions were formulated for resolving conflict situations and digital identity issues arising in abusive sharenting.</p></sec><sec><title>Scientific novelty</title><p>Scientific novelty: the study summarizes various scientific opinions and legal approaches to sharenting as a new phenomenon, which is rapidly developing due to the wide popularity of social networks and Internet activity of children and their parents, generating socio-legal conflicts.</p></sec><sec><title>Practical significance</title><p>Practical significance: the research shows that minors are particularly vulnerable in the information and telecommunication environment. In many cases, excessive disclosure of their personal data occurs not only because of their own actions, but also because of the actions of their family members, usually parents. A comparative legal study of the adopted legislative measures and their interpretations in the legal doctrine allows characterizing the current legal situation with regard to minors in the digital space as fragmentary and proposing legislative approaches and solutions to avoid or minimize possible conflict situations and risks, such as digital harassment or privacy violation, which may arise in the process of further technological development and the spread of sharenting.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель: определить правовые последствия шерентинга как деятельности, которая ставит под угрозу основные права несовершеннолетних, подвергая риску их частную жизнь.</p></sec><sec><title>Методы</title><p>Методы: проведенное исследование строится прежде всего на анализе европейского и американского опыта законодательного регулирования, который излагается в сравнительно-правовом аспекте с применением доктринальных подходов и концепций, получивших отражение в научных публикациях по данной теме. Это способствовало в том числе критическому осмыслению выявленных рисков, а также представлению существующих правовых подходов и формулированию предложений, направленных на защиту неприкосновенности частной жизни несовершеннолетних в социальных сетях.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты: изучено влияние социальных сетей на права несовершеннолетних в части негативного их воздействия, возможных рисков и распространения социальных конфликтов. Осуществлен анализ основных положений законодательства Испании, Франции и США с целью выявления ключевых моментов относительно деятельности несовершеннолетних в социальных сетях и сети Интернет, необходимости выражения ими согласия на опубликование личной информации. Описаны наиболее распространенные конфликты, обусловленные шерентингом, и возможные гибкие законодательные решения споров, касающихся семейных отношений и связанных с деятельностью в социальных сетях. Сформулированы предложения по разрешению конфликтных ситуаций и проблемы цифровой идентичности, возникающих в процессе шерентинга в случае злоупотребления.</p></sec><sec><title>Научная новизна</title><p>Научная новизна: представленное исследование обобщает различные научные точки зрения и правовые подходы к шерентингу как новому феномену, который быстро развивается в связи с широкой популярностью социальных сетей и интернет-активностью детей и их родителей, порождая социально-правовые конфликты.</p></sec><sec><title>Практическая значимость</title><p>Практическая значимость: представленное исследование показывает, что несовершеннолетние особенно уязвимы в информационно-телекоммуникационном пространстве. Во многих случаях чрезмерное раскрытие их личных данных происходит не только из-за их собственных действий, но и из-за действий членов их семей, как правило, родителей. Сравнительно-правовое исследование принятых законодательных мер и их интерпретаций в правовой доктрине позволяет охарактеризовать современную правовую ситуацию в отношении несовершеннолетних в цифровом пространстве как фрагментарную и предложить законодательные подходы и решения, позволяющие избежать или минимизировать возможные конфликтные ситуации и риски, такие как цифровое преследование или нарушение права на неприкосновенность частной жизни, которые могут возникать в процессе дальнейшего развития технологий и распространения шерентинга.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>веб-платформы</kwd><kwd>неприкосновенность частной жизни</kwd><kwd>персональные данные</kwd><kwd>права ребенка</kwd><kwd>право</kwd><kwd>социальные сети</kwd><kwd>цифровая идентичность</kwd><kwd>цифровая конфиденциальность</kwd><kwd>цифровые технологии</kwd><kwd>шерентинг</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>children’s rights</kwd><kwd>digital identity</kwd><kwd>digital privacy</kwd><kwd>digital technologies</kwd><kwd>law</kwd><kwd>personal data</kwd><kwd>privacy</kwd><kwd>sharenting</kwd><kwd>social networks</kwd><kwd>web platforms</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование не имело спонсорской поддержки</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The research had no sponsorship</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ahmed, H., Ekman, L., &amp; Lind, N. 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