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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">digitallaw</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Journal of Digital Technologies and Law</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Journal of Digital Technologies and Law</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2949-2483</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Kazan Innovative University named after V. G. Timiryasov</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21202/jdtl.2024.10</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">bybieo</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">digitallaw-379</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ARTICLES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Legal Approaches and Regulatory Methods for Fintech in the Guangdong – Hong Kong – Macao Greater Bay Area</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Правовые подходы и методы регулирования финтеха в регионе  Большого залива Гуандун – Гонконг – Макао</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1681-1038</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кучина</surname><given-names>Я.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuchina</surname><given-names>Y.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ярослава Кучина – кандидат юридических наук, доцент, соискатель степени PhD, младший научный сотрудник, факультет права</p><p>САР Макао, Авенида да Универсидаде, E 32</p><p>Scopus Author ID: https://www.scopus.com/authid/detail.uri?authorId=57191665336</p><p>WoS Researcher ID: https://www.webofscience.com/wos/author/record/K-4849-2017</p><p>Google Scholar ID: https://scholar.google.hu/citations?user=wBNuZRwAAAAJ</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yaroslava Kuchina – Cand. Sci. (Law), Assistant Professor, PhD Candidate, Research Assistant, Faculty of Law</p><p>E 32 Avenida da Universidade, Macau SAR</p><p>Scopus Author ID: https://www.scopus.com/authid/detail.uri?authorId=57191665336</p><p>WoS Researcher ID: https://www.webofscience.com/wos/author/record/K-4849-2017</p><p>Google Scholar ID: https://scholar.google.hu/citations?user=wBNuZRwAAAAJ  </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">yakuchina@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Университет Макао</institution><country>Китай</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>University of Macau</institution><country>China</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>21</day><month>03</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>2</volume><issue>1</issue><elocation-id>181–199</elocation-id><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Kuchina Y., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кучина Я.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kuchina Y.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.lawjournal.digital/jour/article/view/379">https://www.lawjournal.digital/jour/article/view/379</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective: To look at the fintech regulatory policy and regulatory system in the Greater Bay Area through the lens of the Trilemma of Innovation doctrine in order to identify the applicability and extrapolation of existing legal models in the zone of accelerated economic and innovation development in Guangdong, Hong Kong and Macau.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Methods: The article is based on the comparative legal research of the regulation regarding models, existing within the regulatory framework for fintech. For that matter we conduct a generalization, introducing the classification of methods and systems that, in our opinion, can be recognized as the Lego-like systems of instruments.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results: The research evaluates difficulties that may be faced by the participants within GBA on the way of legal harmonization regarding fintech. Special attention is paid to Hong Kong SAR, being one of the bestknown examples of successful fintech regulation, and to comparing fintech regulation in Mainland China and in SAR (Macau, in particular). The author states that the last amendments to the financial law of Macau SAR also add an element of uncertainty, even though they aim to develop the situation within the framework. The author compares a technocratic approach, according to which fintech regulation is completely national (created only for the domestic market and reflects its structure) and traditional approach to regulation, a part of which is the Trilemma of Innovation. The latter implies the possibility of over-national (international) standardization, including in the form of soft law, which may eliminate the difference in understanding the fintech characteristics, its concepts and scope. Besides, the author analyses the correlation between the concepts of financial regulatory system and financial system of fintech regulation, extrapolation of the existing regulatory framework to the developing market of innovative technological solutions and their various models. The author highlights the regulatory response method, changing during the fintech market evolution, and applied, as a rule, together with other approaches.</p></sec><sec><title>Scientific novelty</title><p>Scientific novelty: the article presents a comprehensive review of the different systems of fintech legal regulation in the Guangdong – Hong Kong – Macau Greater Bay Area, whose unique experience demonstrates various trajectories of the fintech market development in southern China within the “One Country – Two Systems” concept.</p></sec><sec><title>Practical significance</title><p>Practical significance: the main conclusions and proposals resulting from the study are of significant interest for further research, regulatory policy and fintech regulatory system, as Mainland China and the special administrative regions of the Greater Bay Area use different approaches and methods of legal response that have no analogues in the modern world.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель: через призму разработанной в доктрине трилеммы инноваций взглянуть на регуляторную политику и систему регулирования финтеха в регионе Большого залива с тем, чтобы выявить применимость и экстраполяцию существующих правовых моделей в зоне ускоренного экономического и инновационного развития, объединяющей Гуандун, Гонконг и Макао.</p></sec><sec><title>Методы</title><p>Методы: в основе работы лежит сравнительно-правовой метод исследования моделей правового регулирования финтеха, в связи с чем обобщаются имеющиеся данные и вводится классификация методов и систем, представляющих собой инструментарий по принципу лего.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты: в исследовании представлена оценка трудностей, с которыми могут столкнуться члены региона Большого залива на пути гармонизации законодательства в области финтеха. Особое внимание уделяется Гонконгу, являющемуся одним из самых известных примеров успешного регулирования сектора финтеха, а также сопоставлению регулирования финтеха в материковом Китае и специальных административных районах (в частности, Макао). Отмечается, что недавно принятые поправки к финансовому законодательству специального административного района Макао также вносят элемент неопределенности, хотя и направлены на развитие ситуации в рамках этого законодательства. Сопоставляются технократический подход, согласно которому регулирование финансовых технологий является исключительно национальным (создается только для внутреннего рынка и отражает его структуру), и традиционный подход к регулированию, частью которого является трилемма инноваций, предусматривающий возможность наднациональной (международной) стандартизации, в том числе в форме мягкого права, способный устранить разницу в понимании характеристик финтеха, их концепции и масштабов этого явления. Кроме того, проводится анализ соотношения понятий</p><p>системы финансового регулирования и финансовой системы регулирования финтеха, экстраполяция существующей нормативной базы на развивающийся рынок инновационных технологических решений, их разные модели. Внимание акцентируется на методе регуляторного реагирования, изменяющегося в процессе эволюции финтехрынка и применяемого, как правило, вместе с другими подходами.</p></sec><sec><title>Научная новизна</title><p>Научная новизна: представлен комплексный взгляд на различные системы правового регулирования финансовых технологий в регионе Большого залива Гуандун – Гонконг – Макао, уникальный опыт которого демонстрирует разные траектории развития финтехрынка на юге Китая в рамках принципа «Одна страна — две системы».</p></sec><sec><title>Практическая значимость</title><p>Практическая значимость: основные выводы и предложения, полученные в результате проведенного исследования, представляют значительный интерес для дальнейших исследований, регуляторной политики и системы регулирования финтеха, поскольку в материковом Китае и в специальных административных районах региона Большого залива применяются разные подходы и методы правового реагирования, не имеющие аналогов в современном мире. </p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Гонконг</kwd><kwd>Китай</kwd><kwd>Макао</kwd><kwd>право</kwd><kwd>регион Большого залива</kwd><kwd>финансовое право</kwd><kwd>финансовые инновации</kwd><kwd>финансовые технологии</kwd><kwd>финтехрегулирование</kwd><kwd>цифровые технологии</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>digital technologies</kwd><kwd>financial innovation</kwd><kwd>financial law</kwd><kwd>financial technologies</kwd><kwd>fintech regulation</kwd><kwd>GBA</kwd><kwd>Hong Kong</kwd><kwd>law</kwd><kwd>Macau</kwd><kwd>Mainland China</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Amstad, M. 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