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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">digitallaw</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Journal of Digital Technologies and Law</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Journal of Digital Technologies and Law</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2949-2483</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Kazan Innovative University named after V. G. Timiryasov</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21202/jdtl.2023.38</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">wxwsvu</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">digitallaw-305</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ARTICLES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Towards Legal Regulations of Generative AI in the Creative Industry</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>На пути к правовому регулированию генеративного ИИ в творческой индустрии</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шумакова</surname><given-names>Н. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shumakova</surname><given-names>N. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шумакова Наталья Игоревна - доцент кафедры конституционного и административного права.</p><p>454080, Челябинск, пр. Ленина, 76</p><p>РИНЦ Author ID: https://www.elibrary.ru/author_items.asp?authorid=1211522</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalia I. Shumakova - Associate professor of law, Department of constitutional and administrative law, Law Institute, South Ural State University (national research university).</p><p>76 Lenin Str., 454080 Chelyabinsk, Russian Federation</p><p>RSCI Author ID: https://www.elibrary.ru/author_items.asp?authorid=1211522</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shumakovani@susu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-8733-7261</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ллойд</surname><given-names>Дж. Дж.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lloyd</surname><given-names>J. J.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ллойд Джордан Дж. - Шеффилдский университет; креативный директор, компания «Unseen History».</p><p>Хоуес Фарм, Доддингхерст Роуд, Брентвуд, Эссекс, CM15 0SG</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Jordan J. Lloyd - Creative Director, Unseen History.</p><p>Howes Farm, Doddinghurst Road, Brentwood, Essex, CM15 0SG</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">jordan@unseenhistories.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9453-3550</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Титова</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Titova</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Титова Елена Викторовна - доктор юридических наук, доцент, директор Юридического института, заведующий кафедрой конституционного и административного права.</p><p>454080, Челябинск, пр. Ленина, 76</p><p>Scopus Author ID: https://www.scopus.com/authid/detail.uri?authorId=57201640405</p><p>РИНЦ Author ID: https://www.elibrary.ru/author_items.asp?authorid=451302</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena V. Titova - Dr. Sci. (Law), Associate Professor, Department of Constitutional and Administrative Law, Law Institute, South Ural State University (National Research University).</p><p>76 Lenin Str., 454080 Chelyabinsk, Russian Federation</p><p>Scopus Author ID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://www.scopus.com/authid/detail.uri?authorId=57201640405" ext-link-type="uri">https://www.scopus.com/authid/detail.uri?authorId=57201640405</ext-link></p><p>РИНЦ Author ID: https://www.elibrary.ru/author_items.asp?authorid=451302</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">titovaev@susu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Южно-Уральский государственный университет (национальный исследовательский университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Law Institute, South Ural State University (national research university)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Компания «Unseen History»</institution><country>Великобритания</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Unseen History</institution><country>United Kingdom</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>15</day><month>12</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>1</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>880</fpage><lpage>908</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Shumakova N.I., Lloyd J.J., Titova E.V., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Шумакова Н.И., Ллойд Д.Д., Титова Е.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shumakova N.I., Lloyd J.J., Titova E.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.lawjournal.digital/jour/article/view/305">https://www.lawjournal.digital/jour/article/view/305</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective: this article aims to answer the following questions: 1. Can generative artificial intelligence be a subject of copyright law? 2. What risks the unregulated use of generative artificial intelligence systems can cause? 3. What legal gaps should be filled in to minimize such risks?</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Methods: comparative legal analysis, sociological method, concrete sociological method, quantitative data analysis, qualitative data analysis, statistical analysis, case study, induction, deduction.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results: the authors identified several risks of the unregulated usage of generative artificial intelligence in the creative industry, among which are: violation of copyright and labor law, violation of consumers rights and the rise of public distrust in government. They suggest that a prompt development of new legal norms can minimize these risks. In conclusion, the article constants that states have already begun to realize that the negative impact of generative artificial intelligence on the creative industry must not be ignored, hence the development of similar legal regulations in states with completely different regimes.</p></sec><sec><title>Scientific novelty</title><p>Scientific novelty: the article provides a comprehensive study of the impact of generative artificial intelligence on the creative industry from two perspectives: the perspective of law and the perspective of the industry. The empirical basis of it consists of two international surveys and an expert opinion of a representative of the industry. This approach allowed the authors to improve the objectivity of their research and to obtain results that can be used for finding a practical solution for the identified risks. The problem of the ongoing development and popularization of generative artificial intelligence systems goes beyond the question “who is the author?” therefore, it needs to be solved by introduction of other than the already existing mechanisms and regulations - this point of view is supported not only by the results of the surveys but also by the analysis of current lawsuits against developers of generative artificial intelligence systems.</p></sec><sec><title>Practical significance</title><p>Practical significance: the obtained results can be used to fasten the development of universal legal rules, regulations, instruments and standards, the current lack of which poses a threat not only to human rights, but also to several sectors within the creative industry and beyond.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Цель данной статьи - ответить на следующие вопросы: 1. Может ли генеративный искусственный интеллект быть субъектом авторского права? 2. К каким рискам может привести нерегулируемое использование систем генеративного искусственного интеллекта? 3. Какие правовые пробелы необходимо закрыть для минимизации таких рисков?</p><sec><title>Методы</title><p>Методы: сравнительно-правовой анализ, социологический метод, частно-социологический метод, количественный и качественный анализ данных, статистический анализ, метод кейсов, индукция, дедукция.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты: авторы выявили ряд рисков, возникающих при нерегулируемом использовании генеративного искусственного интеллекта в творческой индустрии, среди которых нарушение авторского и трудового права, нарушение прав потребителей и рост недоверия населения к власти. Авторы полагают, что оперативная разработка новых правовых норм может минимизировать эти риски. В заключение констатируется, что государства уже начали осознавать опасность игнорирования негативного влияния генеративного искусственного интеллекта на творческую индустрию, что обусловливает разработку аналогичных правовых норм в государствах с совершенно разными режимами.</p></sec><sec><title>Научная новизна</title><p>Научная новизна: в работе проведено комплексное исследование влияния генеративного искусственного интеллекта на творческую индустрию с двух точек зрения: с позиции права и с позиции индустрии. Эмпирическую базу составляют два международных исследования и экспертное мнение представителя отрасли. Такой подход позволил авторам повысить объективность исследования и получить результаты, которые могут быть использованы для поиска практического решения выявленных рисков. Проблема непрерывного развития и роста популярности систем генеративного искусственного интеллекта выходит за рамки вопроса «кто автор?», поэтому ее необходимо решать путем внедрения иных, нежели уже существующих, механизмов и правил. Данная точка зрения подтверждается не только результатами проведенных исследований, но и анализом текущих судебных исков к разработчикам систем генеративного искусственного интеллекта.</p></sec><sec><title>Практическая значимость</title><p>Практическая значимость: полученные результаты могут быть использованы для ускорения разработки универсальных правовых норм, правил, инструментов и стандартов, отсутствие которых в настоящее время представляет угрозу не только для прав человека, но и для ряда отраслей творческой индустрии и других областей.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>авторское право</kwd><kwd>генеративный искусственный интеллект</kwd><kwd>интеллектуальная собственность</kwd><kwd>искусственный интеллект</kwd><kwd>международное право</kwd><kwd>нейронная сеть</kwd><kwd>объект авторского права</kwd><kwd>субъект авторского права</kwd><kwd>творческая индустрия</kwd><kwd>цифровые технологии</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>artificial intelligence</kwd><kwd>copyright law</kwd><kwd>creative industry</kwd><kwd>digital technologies</kwd><kwd>generative artificial intelligence</kwd><kwd>intellectual property</kwd><kwd>international law</kwd><kwd>neural network</kwd><kwd>object of copyright law</kwd><kwd>subject of copyright law</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Авторы выражают благодарность редакции Journal of Digital Technologies and Law за помощь в проведении социологического опроса в телеграм-канале журнала https://t.me/JournalDTL</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The authors are grateful to the Editorial Office of the Journal of Digital Technologies and Law for their assistance in conducting a sociological survey in the Journal's Telegram channel at https://t.me/JournalDTL</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Агибалова, Е. 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