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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">digitallaw</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Journal of Digital Technologies and Law</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Journal of Digital Technologies and Law</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2949-2483</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Kazan Innovative University named after V. G. Timiryasov</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21202/jdtl.2023.20</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">acsqxh</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">digitallaw-189</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ARTICLES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Artificial Intelligence Technologies in Criminal Procedural Proving</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Технологии искусственного интеллекта  в уголовно-процессуальном доказывании</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-2715-8912</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Спиридонов</surname><given-names>М. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Spiridonov</surname><given-names>M. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Спиридонов Михаил Сергеевич – кандидат юридических наук, доцент кафедры уголовного процесса, криминалистики и судебной экспертизы</p><p>Web of Science Researcher ID: https://www.webofscience.com/wos/author/record/AAK-9097-2021</p><p>РИНЦ Author ID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://elibrary.ru/author_items.asp?authorid=1089837" ext-link-type="uri">https://elibrary.ru/author_items.asp?authorid=1089837</ext-link></p><p>454080, г. Челябинск, пр. Ленина, 76</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mikhail S. Spiridonov – Candidate of Sciences in Jurisprudence, Associate Professor of the Department of Criminal Procedure, Criminology and Forensics</p><p>Web of Science Researcher ID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://www.webofscience.com/wos/author/record/AAK-9097-2021" ext-link-type="uri">https://www.webofscience.com/wos/author/record/AAK-9097-2021</ext-link></p><p>RSCI Author ID: <ext-link xlink:href="https://elibrary.ru/author_items.asp?authorid=1089837" ext-link-type="uri">https://elibrary.ru/author_items.asp?authorid=1089837 </ext-link></p><p>76 prospekt Lenina, 454080 Chelyabinsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">spiridonovms@susu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Южно-Уральский государственный университет (национальный исследовательский университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>South Ural State University (National Research University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>06</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>1</volume><issue>2</issue><elocation-id>481–497</elocation-id><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Spiridonov M.S., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Спиридонов М.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Spiridonov M.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.lawjournal.digital/jour/article/view/189">https://www.lawjournal.digital/jour/article/view/189</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective: to summarize and analyze the approaches, established in criminal procedural science, regarding the use of artificial intelligence technologies, to elaborate an author’s approach to the prospects of transformation of criminal procedural proving under the influence of artificial intelligence technologies.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Methods: the methodological basis of the research is integrity of general, general scientific and specific legal methods of legal science, including abstract-logical, comparative-legal and prognostic methods.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results: the main areas of using artificial intelligence technologies in the cri mi nal procedure are defined, such as prophylaxis and detection of crimes, organization of preliminary investigation, criminological support of crime investigation, and assessing evidences at pre-trial and trial stages. The author comes to a conclusion that the rather optimistic approach to this issue, established in the science of criminal procedure, significantly outstrips the actually existing artificial intelligence technologies. The main requirements are identified, which the activity of using artificial intelligence in collecting evidences in a criminal case should satisfy. The author pays attention to the problems of using artificial intelligence technologies in conducting expert assessments, requiring an improved methodology of forensic work. The issue is considered of the prospects of transforming the criminal-procedural proving process under introduction of artificial intelligence technologies. A conclusion is substantiated that the assessment of evidences with mathematical algorithms, in which preset values of each evidence quality are used, contradict to the principle of free assessment of evidences in the criminal procedure. The author comes to a conclusion that today there are no sufficient grounds for endowing artificial intelligence with legal personality during proving.</p></sec><sec><title>Scientific novelty</title><p>Scientific novelty: the work presents an attempt to consider the role of artificial intelligence in the criminal-procedural proving; it specifies the requirements to be met by this technology during evidences collection and analyzes the prospects of transforming the proving process under the introduction of artificial intelligence technologies.</p></sec><sec><title>Practical significance</title><p>Practical significance: the main provisions and conclusions of the research can be used to improve a mechanism of legal regulation of artificial intelligence technologies in the criminal procedure.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель: обобщение и анализ сложившихся в уголовно-процессуальной науке позиций к применению технологий искусственного интеллекта, выработка авторского подхода к перспективам трансформации уголовно-процессуального доказывания под влиянием технологий искусственного интеллекта.</p></sec><sec><title>Методы</title><p>Методы: методологическую основу исследования составляет единство всеобщего, общенаучных и специально-юридических методов правовой науки, в том числе абстрактно-логического, сравнительно-правового и прогностического.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты: определены основные направления применения технологий искусственного интеллекта в уголовном процессе, такие как профилактика и выявление преступлений, организация предварительного расследования, криминалистическое сопровождение расследования преступлений, оценка доказательств на досудебной и судебной стадиях. Автор приходит к выводу, что сложившийся в науке уголовного процесса достаточно оптимистичный подход по данному вопросу значительно опережает реально существующие в настоящее время технологии искусственного интеллекта. Выявлены основные требования, которым должна отвечать деятельность по применению искусственного интеллекта при сборе доказательств по уголовному делу. Обращено внимание на проблемы применения технологий искусственного интеллекта при проведении судебных экспертиз, которые требуют совершенствования методологии судебно-экспертной работы. Рассмотрен вопрос о перспективах трансформации процесса уголовно-процессуального доказывания в условиях внедрения технологий искусственного интеллекта. Обосновывается вывод, что оценка доказательств с помощью математических алгоритмов, в которых применяются заранее установленные значения качества каждого доказательства, противоречит принципу свободы оценки доказательств в уголовном процессе. Автор приходит к выводу об отсутствии в настоящее время достаточных оснований для наделения искусственного интеллекта субъектностью в процессе доказывания.</p></sec><sec><title>Научная новизна</title><p>Научная новизна: в работе предпринята попытка рассмотреть место искусственного интеллекта в уголовно-процессуальном доказывании, выявлены требования, которым должно соответствовать применение этой технологии при сборе доказательств, при этом проанализированы перспективы трансформации процесса доказывания с учетом внедрения технологий искусственного интеллекта.</p></sec><sec><title>Практическая значимость</title><p>Практическая значимость: основные положения и выводы исследования могут быть использованы для совершенствования механизма правового регулирования технологий искусственного интеллекта в уголовном процессе.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Доказательство</kwd><kwd>доказывание</kwd><kwd>искусственный интеллект</kwd><kwd>нейронная сеть</kwd><kwd>право</kwd><kwd>судопроизводство</kwd><kwd>уголовное дело</kwd><kwd>уголовный процесс</kwd><kwd>цифровизация</kwd><kwd>цифровые технологии</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Artificial intelligence</kwd><kwd>criminal case</kwd><kwd>criminal procedure</kwd><kwd>digital technologies digitalization</kwd><kwd>evidence</kwd><kwd>judicial procedure</kwd><kwd>law</kwd><kwd>neural network</kwd><kwd>proving</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Александров, А. 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