digitallawJournal of Digital Technologies and LawJournal of Digital Technologies and Law2949-2483Kazan Innovative University named after V. G. Timiryasov10.21202/jdtl.2023.9ZMIRLTdigitallaw-153Research ArticleARTICLESСТАТЬИDigital Trends of Criminology and Criminal Justice of the 21st CenturyЦифровые тренды криминологии и уголовного правосудия XXI векаhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0693-1888АслиМ. Р.AsliM. R.

Мехрдад Райеджиан Асли – доктор наук, доцент Института  исследования и развития гуманитарных дисциплин

Web of Science Researcher ID: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Mehrdad-Rayejian-Asli; 

Scopus Author ID: https://www.scopus.com/authid/detail.uri?authorId=57195374005; 

Google Scholar ID: https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=WKgazNEAAAAJ

1463645851, г. Тегеран, мост Ядегар, шоссе Аль-Ахмад

Mehrdad Rayejian Asli – Assistant Professor of Institution for Research and Development in the Humanities (SAMT); Deputy of Research in the UNESCO Chair for Human Rights, Peace and Democracy

Web of Science Researcher ID: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Mehrdad-Rayejian-Asli; Scopus Author ID: https://www.scopus.com/authid/detail.uri?authorId=57195374005; Google Scholar ID:

463645851, SAMT Organization, Al-e-Ahmad Highway, Yadegar Bridge, Tehran

m.rayejian@samt.ac.irИнститут исследования и развития гуманитарных дисциплинИранInstitute for Research and Development in the Humanities (SAMT)Islamic Republic of Iran20231003202311235250Copyright © Asli M.R., 20232023Асли М.Р.Asli M.R.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.lawjournal.digital/jour/article/view/153Objective

Objective: to define the key trends in the development of criminology and criminal justice under significant broadening of digitalization and using modern technologies.

Methods

Methods: the priority of analytical method combined with descriptive method provided an optimal set of tools for searching and revealing the main digital trends in the development of criminology and criminal justice in the 21st century.

Results

Results: the growing dependence was revealed between criminal-legal science and digital technologies, which leads to the change in essence and types of contemporary criminality, models of criminals’ behavior, methods and mechanism of crime control and prevention in the light of requirements of criminal policy and justice. The dual role of the global digitalization trend is highlighted, the achievements of which are used both by the agencies of criminal justice system (in particular, for crime control, management and prevention) and criminals when implementing their criminal intents. It was determined that the essential transformation of criminology and criminal justice is largely caused by a dramatic development of digitalization in the 21st century, as well as by the modern technologies created on its basis, which appear to be more effective than the standard methods of traditional criminology, including quantitative and qualitative estimations, observation, interviews, polls, etc.

Scientific novelty

Scientific novelty: new spheres of criminal-legal knowledge are introduced, as well as the corresponding disciplines formed exclusively under the influence of digitalization, such as cyber criminology and cyber victimology; algorithmic (computational) criminology, based on actuarial justice and the theory of risks, is highlighted as the most recent trend in criminological science.

Practical significance

Practical significance: the account of trends and positive experience gained in the sphere of digitalization determines the successful solution of the tasks associated with crime counteraction, transformation of approaches to the content, goals and methodology of applied criminology and criminal justice. The global megatrend of digitalization essentially changes the appearance of the criminal-legal science, sets the new theoretical and applied directions of its development. Timely upgrade and adaptation of knowledge, skills and capabilities in compliance with the achievements of digitalization will allow criminology and criminal justice to correspond to the tasks of the new millennium.

Цель

Цель: определение ключевых трендов развития криминологии и уголовного правосудия в условиях значительного расширения цифровизации и применения современных технологий.

Методы

Методы: приоритет аналитического метода в его сочетании с описательным методом обеспечили оптимальный инструментарий для поиска и выявления основных цифровых трендов развития криминологии и уголовного правосудия в XXI веке.

Результаты

Результаты: выявлена возрастающая зависимость уголовно-правовой науки от развития цифровых технологий, которая приводит к изменению сущности и типов современной преступности, моделей поведения преступников, методов и механизмов контроля и предотвращения преступности в свете требований уголовной политики и уголовного правосудия. Подчеркивается двоякая роль глобального тренда цифровизации, достижения которой используются как органами системы уголовного правосудия (в частности, для контроля, управления и предотвращения преступности), так и преступниками – при осуществлении своих преступных замыслов. Установлено, что существенная трансформация криминологии и уголовного правосудия вызвана в значительной степени резким развитием в XXI веке цифровизации и созданных на ее основе современных технологий, являющихся более эффективными, чем обычные методы традиционной криминологии, такие как количественные и качественные оценки, наблюдения, интервью, опросы и др.

Научная новизна

Научная новизна: вводятся новые области уголовно-правового знания и соответствующие им дисциплины, образованные исключительно под влиянием цифровизации, такие как киберкриминология и кибервиктимология; в качестве новейшего направления криминологической науки выделяется алгоритмическая (вычислительная) криминология, основанная на страховом праве и теории рисков.

Практическая значимость

Практическая значимость: учет трендов и положительного опыта, полученного в области цифровизации, обусловливает успешное решение задач, связанных с противодействием преступности, трансформацию подходов к содержанию, целям и методологии прикладной криминологии и уголовного правосудия. Глобальный мегатренд цифровизации существенно меняет облик уголовно-правовой науки, задает новые теоретические и прикладные направления ее развития. Своевременное обновление и адаптирование знаний, умений и навыков согласно достижениям цифровизации позволит криминологии и уголовному правосудию соответствовать задачам нового тысячелетия.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.